17/03/2026 11:40

---

In ancient times it was solely a medium or measure ofexchange that could not be turned easily into capital. (c) There is an obligation of charity to testify (but not at the costof serious inconvenience), if the testimony is necessary for averting aserious evil that threatens a private person. Thus, _per se_ its obligation isgrave (see 1721). here are other ranks of authority, such as those of parish-priest,prelate, abbot, archbishop, primate, patriarch and cardinal.

y commutative justice isalso violated, since by false testimony one of the litigants as a rulesuffers loss. This happens without carnal commotion (e. n-observance of the circumstances isnot a mortal sin, unless it happens frequently and without reason. 6: THE REMAINING POTENTIAL PARTS OF JUSTICE; THE VIRTUE OF PIETY;THE COMMANDMENTS(_Summa Theologica_, II-II, qq.